In commercial environments across Davao City and nearby regions, HVAC-R (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration) systems are critical to daily operations. From office buildings and shopping malls to cold storage facilities and food processing plants, these systems ensure comfort, product safety, and regulatory compliance.
However, in tropical climates where heat and humidity are constant, HVAC-R equipment operates under intense conditions. Over time, this leads to wear and tear, performance issues, and unexpected failures. Understanding common HVAC-R problems and knowing how to diagnose and address them can help businesses minimize downtime, reduce repair costs, and extend equipment lifespan.
This guide covers the most frequent commercial HVAC-R issues, including leaks, compressor failures, airflow problems, and a practical diagnostic checklist to help facility managers stay proactive.
Why HVAC-R Systems Fail in Commercial Settings
Commercial HVAC-R systems are more complex than residential units. They often run longer hours, serve larger spaces, and manage stricter temperature requirements.
Common contributing factors include:
- Continuous operation in high heat and humidity
- Inadequate preventive maintenance
- Improper system sizing
- Electrical instability or power fluctuations
- Aging components and outdated technology
When small issues are ignored, they can escalate into major system failures.
Refrigerant Leaks
Refrigerant leaks are among the most common HVAC-R problems in commercial facilities.
Causes of Refrigerant Leaks
Leaks may occur due to:
- Corroded coils
- Loose fittings or connections
- Damaged refrigerant lines
- Vibration from prolonged system operation
In tropical environments, corrosion accelerates due to humidity and airborne contaminants.
Signs of a Refrigerant Leak
- Reduced cooling performance
- Longer system run times
- Ice buildup on evaporator coils
- Hissing sounds near refrigerant lines
- Increased electricity bills
If left unresolved, low refrigerant levels can cause severe compressor damage.
Solutions
- Conduct professional leak detection tests
- Repair or replace damaged lines or coils
- Recharge refrigerant to manufacturer specifications
- Implement routine inspections to prevent recurrence
Prompt action prevents more expensive repairs later.
Compressor Failures
The compressor is often referred to as the “heart” of an HVAC-R system. When it fails, the entire system may shut down.
Common Causes of Compressor Failure
- Low refrigerant levels
- Electrical issues (voltage imbalance, overheating)
- Dirty coils are causing overheating
- Lack of lubrication
- Contaminants in the system
In commercial settings, compressors often fail due to prolonged strain and insufficient maintenance.
Warning Signs of Compressor Problems
- Loud or unusual noises
- System not cooling properly
- Circuit breaker trips frequently
- Hard starting or failure to start
Ignoring early warning signs can result in total compressor burnout, which is costly to replace.
Solutions
- Ensure proper refrigerant charge
- Clean condenser and evaporator coils regularly
- Inspect electrical components and voltage stability
- Replace worn components before failure
Preventive maintenance significantly reduces the likelihood of compressor damage.
Airflow Issues
Airflow problems can severely impact cooling efficiency and indoor comfort in commercial buildings.
Causes of Poor Airflow
- Clogged air filters
- Blocked or leaking ductwork
- Faulty blower motors
- Damaged fan belts
- Improper system design
In large facilities, airflow imbalance can cause uneven cooling and hot spots.
Symptoms of Airflow Problems
- Uneven temperatures across rooms
- Weak air coming from vents
- Increased humidity indoors
- High energy consumption
Poor airflow forces the system to work harder, increasing wear and energy costs.
Solutions
- Replace or clean air filters regularly
- Inspect and seal duct leaks
- Check and service blower motors
- Balance airflow across zones
Addressing airflow issues improves efficiency and comfort while reducing equipment strain.
Electrical and Control System Issues
Commercial HVAC-R systems rely heavily on electrical components and control panels.
Common Electrical Problems
- Loose wiring connections
- Worn contactors and relays
- Faulty thermostats or sensors
- Power surges or voltage imbalances
Electrical issues can cause inconsistent cooling, system shutdowns, or even fire hazards.
Solutions
- Conduct regular electrical inspections
- Tighten connections and replace worn components
- Calibrate thermostats and sensors
- Install surge protection devices
Proactive electrical maintenance ensures safe and reliable system performance.
Ice Formation and Drainage Problems
Ice buildup and drainage issues are common in humid climates.
Causes
- Restricted airflow
- Low refrigerant levels
- Clogged condensate drains
- Dirty evaporator coils
Excess moisture accumulation can damage ceilings, walls, and surrounding infrastructure.
Solutions
- Clean and clear drain lines
- Inspect refrigerant charge
- Improve airflow
- Ensure proper insulation
Maintaining proper drainage prevents water damage and mold growth.
HVAC-R Diagnostic Checklist for Commercial Facilities
A structured diagnostic approach helps facility managers detect problems early.
Daily Checks
- Monitor temperature consistency
- Listen for unusual sounds
- Observe airflow strength
- Check for water leaks or ice buildup
Weekly Checks
- Inspect air filters
- Verify thermostat settings
- Ensure outdoor units are free from debris
Monthly Checks
- Inspect coils for dirt buildup
- Check refrigerant pressures
- Examine belts and moving components
- Test safety controls
Quarterly and Annual Professional Inspections
- Conduct a full electrical system evaluation
- Perform refrigerant leak testing
- Clean and service major components
- Review system performance data
Regular inspections reduce emergency breakdowns and extend system lifespan.
The Importance of Preventive Maintenance
Many HVAC-R failures in commercial settings are preventable. Businesses that invest in routine maintenance benefit from:
- Lower operating costs
- Reduced downtime
- Longer equipment lifespan
- Improved indoor comfort
- Better energy efficiency
In Davao City’s tropical climate, where HVAC-R systems run almost year-round, preventive maintenance is not optional. It is essential.
When to Call a Professional HVAC-R Specialist
While basic checks can be performed in-house, complex diagnostics and repairs require trained technicians. Professional service providers use advanced tools to:
- Detect hidden refrigerant leaks
- Analyze electrical performance
- Optimize system calibration
- Recommend upgrades for efficiency
Partnering with experienced professionals ensures compliance with safety standards and manufacturer guidelines.
Final Thoughts
Commercial HVAC-R systems are vital assets that require consistent attention. Leaks, compressor failures, airflow issues, and electrical problems are common but manageable with proper diagnostics and preventive care.
By implementing a structured inspection routine and promptly addressing minor issues, businesses in Davao City and nearby regions can protect their investments, reduce operational costs, and maintain comfortable environments for employees and customers.
Need Expert HVAC-R Support?
If your commercial facility is experiencing cooling or refrigeration issues, or if you want to implement a preventive maintenance program, consult the experts at Tejada International Trade & Service Corporation.
With extensive experience serving Davao City and nearby regions, Tejada provides professional HVAC-R installation, diagnostics, repair, and maintenance services tailored to commercial and industrial facilities.
Contact Tejada International Trade & Service Corporation today to ensure your HVAC-R systems operate efficiently, reliably, and safely year-round.

